Analisis homogenitas genetik klon apel (Malus spp.) hasil perbanyakan ex vitro berdasarkan penanda SSR

Propagation of apple plants (Malus spp.) vegetatively has the advantage of genetic homogeneity between clones and their parents. However, the possibility of cytological and off-type deviations persists during mass propagation. This study aims to analyze the genetic homogeneity of apple plants using SSR markers in ex vitro propagation techniques. Morphological observations between the parental plant and the ex vitro propagation derived clones and also among themselves did not show any differences. To analyze the genetic heterogeneity of these plants, 15 SSR primers were screened on 29 propagation clones of apple var. Anna and Manalagi. Genetic characters were scored for group analysis using Darwin 6.05. Eight SSR primers (IPA 2, IPA 3, IPA 4, 5 PA, 6 PA, 12 PA, 13 PA, and 14 PA) produced 82 clear and easily visible bands in the size range of 90-365 bp. This study successfully detected the uniformity of all band patterns from the plant samples. The SSR markers could be used to analyze the genetic stability of the ex vitro propagation of apple clones.