Optimalisasi Pewarnaan Giemsa Pada Apusan Darah Tipis Terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei Untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Vaksin Malaria Iradiasi

Malaria is one of the biggest health problems in Indonesia so it needs to be controlled, among others, by providing vaccines that can be made by weakening the microorganisms that cause malaria with gamma ray irradiation. One important aspect of vaccine production is the detection and identification of parasites in the blood microscopically after Giemsa staining. This study aims to determine the optimal percentage of Giemsa solution with best visualization results and quality after storage. The infected blood of Plasmodium berghei is irradiated by gamma rays at doses of 100-250 Gy and then was injected intraperitoneally into mice. At certain times after the injection, a thin blood smear is made from the tail of the mice on a glass preparation, then stained with Giemsa at various concentrations (5, 7.5, 10, 12, 15 and 20%) for 10 and 20 minute time variations. The quality of the staining is checked again 1 month after being stored at room temperature. The smear observations were performed with a light microscope at 1000x magnification and the intensity was determined using digital ImageJ Image processing software 1.47. The results showed that the concentration of Giemsa 7.5% solution was the optimal concentration for smear staining with 10 minute staining time and the highest intensity value before and after 1 month storage were 6.84 and 5.83 candela, respectively.