TINJAUAN KESELAMATAN OPERASI REAKTOR TERHADAP KINERJA MENARA PENDINGIN SETELAH 30 TAHUN BEROPERASI

TINJAUAN KESELAMATAN OPERASI REAKTOR TERHADAP KINERJA MENARA PENDINGIN SETELAH 30 TAHUN BEROPERASI. Salah satu komponen penting dari sistem pendingin reaktor adalah menara pendingin. Menara pendingin RSG-GAS telah dioperasikan selama lebih dari 30 tahun. Telah dilakukan kajian kinerja menara pendingin pada operasi daya nominal 30 MW ditinjau dari keselamatan operasi reaktor. Kajian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja menara pendingin dalam membuang panas ke lingkungan. Parameter penilaian kinerja menara pendingin yang dipakai meliputi range, approach, efektifitas, dan temperatur pendingin masuk teras reaktor. Dari kajian data operasi tahun 1992, diperoleh nilai range sebesar 7,2 ⁰C, nilai approach sebesar 8,0 ⁰C, nilai efektifitas sebesar 47,37%, dan nilai temperatur pendingin masuk teras sebesar 40,0 ⁰C. Dari kajian data tahun 2018, diperoleh nilai range sebesar 6,7 ⁰C, nilai approach sebesar 9,3 ⁰C, nilai efektifitas sebesar 41,84%, dan nilai temperatur pendingin masuk teras sebesar 41,96 ⁰C. Nilai temperatur pendingin masuk teras data tahun 1992 masih di bawah batas pengaktifan sistem proteksi reaktor, sedangkan nilai temperatur pendingin masuk teras data tahun 2018 mendekati batas pengaktifan sistem proteksi reaktor yaitu 42 ⁰C. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja menara pendingin setelah 30 tahun dioperasikan sudah tidak dapat memenuhi kriteria keselamatan operasi reaktor.

Kata kunci: kinerja, menara pendingin, temperatur, keselamatan operasi.

ABSTRACT

REVIEW OF REACTOR OPERATION SAFETY ON PERFORMANCE OF COOLING TOWER AFTER 30 YEARS OPERATION. One important component of the reactor coolant system is the cooling tower. The RSG-GAS cooling tower has been operated for more than 30 years. The study of the performance of cooling towers has been carried out at a nominal power operation of 30 MW in terms of the safety of reactor operations. The study was conducted to determine the performance of cooling towers in removing heat into the environment. Parameters for evaluating the performance of cooling towers used include the range, approach, effectiveness, efficiency and coolant temperature entering the reactor core. From a 1992 operational data study, a range value of 7,2 ⁰C was obtained, the approach value of 8,0 ⁰C, the effectiveness value of 47.37%, and the temperature of the cooling inlet temperature was 40.0 ⁰C. From a 2018 operational data study, the range value of 6.7 ⁰C was obtained, the approach value of 9.3 ⁰C, the effectiveness value of 41.84%, and the cooling inlet temperature value was 41.96 ⁰C. The value of the cooling temperature entering the core in 1992 was below the reactor protection system activation limit, while the value of the cooling temperature entering the core in 2018 approached the reactor protection system activation limit. It can be concluded that the performance of cooling towers after 30 years operation cannot meet the safety criteria of reactor operations.

Keywords: performance, cooling tower, temperature, operation safety