Pengembangan Sektor Transportasi yang Ramah Lingkungan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

The development of an environmentally friendly transportation sector is a sustainable development effort that has a significant role in regional economic growth and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This research aims to identify the transportation subsector that has the strongest backward and forward linkages as a key regional economic subsector and analyze the economic and environmental impacts, mainly the increase in carbon emissions in the transportation sector due to an increase in final demand. This research uses an environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) analysis approach, with a case study of this research in the Yogyakarta Special Region Province (D.I. Yogyakarta). The primary data used is the Input-Output (I-O) table for D.I. Yogyakarta Province, which includes 52 sectors in 2016, and inventory data for D.I. Yogyakarta Province's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Results of the simulation carried out show an increase in final demand by 25%, which will provide three impacts, namely direct impacts, indirect impacts, and induced effects on the transportation sector by creating a gross added value (NTB) of IDR 4,528,778.968 million, but at the same time, greenhouse gas emissions of 618.091 GgCO2e were also produced. The air transportation subsector is a subsector that has relatively strong direct and indirect backward and forward linkages, with a contribution to NTB of IDR 3,000,696.019 million and GHG emissions released by this subsector of 461.669 GgCO2e. Efforts to mitigate these emissions need to be made in stages by diffusing clean technology, and an effective, efficient, and sustainable transportation system.