The prevalence and distribution of risk factors for depression and emotional mental disorders in the elderly in Indonesia

Background:
Depression is a mental health disorder. The prevalence of mental health disorders in the elderly is high.
Aims:
This study was to determine the mental status depression and emotional of the elderly based on their characteristics.
Methods:
This study was a further analysis of Basic Health Research 2018 data. The population was all households from all districts/cities in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a cross-sectional design. The sample was all elderly, with a total sample of 82,304,000 people. The respondents included young elderly (60–69 years), middle elderly (70–79 years), and old elderly (>80 years).
Result:
Depression is experienced by most of elderly aged 60 to 69 years as many as 3,756,384 respondents (59.72%), females as many as 3,885,191 respondents (61.77%), living in urban areas, as many as 3,147,131 respondents (50.03%), graduated from elementary school as many as 2,052,22 respondents (32.63%), not working as many as 3,535,241 respondents (56.21%), and quintile one expenditure level as many as 1,532,358 respondents (24.36%).
Conclusions:
Emotional disorders of depression in elderly are due to the adaptation process to physical and psychosocial changes. Family support is a must to improve elderly’s quality of life on mental health aspects, especially depression. Furthermore, better treatment by medical personnel is required.