The UHPLC-HRMS profiling, in vitro-antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of Peronema canescens leaves extract and fractions from Indonesia

This study aims to identify metabolite compounds and determine the in vitro antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of Peronema canescens Jack extracts and fractions. The results of phytochemical content showed that the ethyl acetate (FEA), n-butanol (FB), and aqueous (FA) fractions had significantly higher amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds than other fractions. It is linear with the antioxidant activity of FEA, FB, and FA, producing very strong to strong antioxidant activity. N-hexane fraction (FH) showed significant terpenoid content and a strong inhibitory effect on the lipase enzyme. Phytoconstituents in the extracts and fractions were profiled using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry equipped with principal component analysis to classify chemical compounds. Diosmetin and pinoquercetin compounds were identified as being present abundantly in FEA. Meanwhile, terpenoid compounds and fatty acids are abundant in FH, including 7-oxodehydroabietic acid, oleanonic acid, oleanolic acid, docosanamide, eleostearic acid, ethyl linolenic acid, 1-stearoylglycerol, 9-oxo-10 (E), 12 (E)-octadecadienoic acid, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. These findings indicate that FEA contains bioactive compounds that increase antioxidant activity, while FH contains many bioactive compounds with pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects. Further research is required to determine the correlation between the amount of active compound content and the bioactivity of P. canescens leaf extracts and fractions. In addition, further research using experimental animals and optimization of safer solvents will provide more comprehensive bioactivity information and increase our best knowledge of ethnomedicine based on P. canescens herbal preparations.