Ovicidal activity and cytotoxicity of ethanolic extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) to treat digestive parasite of sheep

Background: The Trichuris eggs are collected from naturally infected sheep. Natural antihelmintics such as herbal
medicines are needed as an alternative, such as natural compounds from endemic plants.
Aim: This present study aims to evaluate the ovicidal activity and cytotoxicity effects of ethanolic extract of Curcuma
longa (EECL) and Camelia sinensis (EECS) as a biological anthelmintic against the egg of Trichuris sp.
Methods: The Trichuris eggs are collected from naturally infected sheep. CMC-Na solution 1% was used as a control.
The treatments were 0.12% EECL; 0.24% EECL; 0.15% EECS; 0.30% EECS; a combination of 0.12% EECL and
0.30% EECS; a combination of 0.24% EECL; and 0.15% EECS. Ovicidal activity testing by microscopic examination
of eggs treated using different concentrations of EECL extract, EECS, and a combination of them. They were exposed
for various times (7, 14, 21, and 28 days) and incubated at room temperature.
Results: The study shows that a combination of C. longa extract and tea extract exhibits good ovicidal anthelmintic
activity against Trichuris sp. in sheep. Cytotoxicity examination using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl
tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Based on MTT data processed using regression analysis, the obtained LC50 from
the administration of EECL, EECS, and a combination of both in a ratio of 1:1, 2:2, 1:2, and 2:1. The combination
of EECL extract and EECS with the highest concentration produced cell viability of 28.46%, 17.25%, 56.01%, and
46.47%, respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the most cytotoxic ingredient is found in the combination of EECL and EECS
(2:2) at 17.25% and the safest is in the ratio (1:2) at 56.01%