Overview of The Zoonotic Potential and Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia

In the ASEAN region, Indonesia has the highest overall COVID-19 infection score. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic first emerged in China and then transmitted sporadically throughout the world. Animals and humans can be infected with the corona virus, so this disease is classified as a zoonotic disease. This review aims to gather information regarding the potential of SARS-CoV-2 as a zoonotic disease and coinfections with several other pathogens in Indonesia. This study collected data demonstrating the potential for COVID-19 to be transmitted from humans to animals, as an evidenced by positive test results for the Bat Coronavirus Antigen in bats. Cats have also been confirmed to carry SARS-CoV-2. Tests conducted on dogs and cats in Indonesia revealed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in their body. SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with several pathogens, including H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, Dengue virus, S. aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Influenza A, Influenza B, Adenovirus, K. pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Salmonella thypi and Malaria has been documented in several Indonesian regions. The lack of research data in Indonesia render difficult a comprehensive understanding of the zoonotic potential involving various animal species and coinfection with other pathogens.