Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain for Agriculture in Indonesia

The agricultural sector is a source of food, clean water, and natural medicine, which is very important
for human life. Agricultural problems need to be handled by the massive use of robotics and artificial
intelligence technology along the agricultural value chain from upstream to downstream (from land to
consumer) with the help of satellites and drones for remote sensing. Precision Agriculture is a system
where input, process, and output parameters are measured and controlled precisely and accurately to
produce efficient and productive agriculture. This paper aims to present the applications of Internet of
Things (IoT) and blockchain technology in Indonesia's agriculture. Three case studies and conceptual
designs are presented, i.e., IoT and machine learning for quality monitoring of mango in long-distance
transportation, IoT and blockchain application for logistics and supply chain system of melon, and IoT
application in Smart Algae Pond for microalgae biomass production