Transformation method in determining kinetic parameters of biomass thermal decomposition from solid-state approach to volatile state approach

In order to reduce dependence on fossil resources, the use of biomass for chemical production purposes can be realized through thermal decomposition via the pyrolysis route. Recently, kinetic studies of biomass thermal decomposition have attracted much attention in research communities. The modeling widely relies on solid-state approach but the results give discrepancy between the average
value from model-free and model-based approaches, 146.3 kJ mol−1 vs. 52.3 kJ mol−1. Apart from that, the obtained
value can reach more than 200 kJ mol−1 which is similar to ammonia synthesis without catalyst and the phenomenon of increasing
at the end of the decomposition process is also found. From the evidence, a transformation method using a volatile state approach is offered in this review to bridge the research gap. Starting with reformulating the conversion concept, calculating the biomass type number, predicting mass fraction and yield, and determining kinetic parameters. This approach has been employed for several types of biomass and has provided satisfactory results and performance of mass fraction and yield predictions of volatile products with RMSE below 0.05. The calculated
is also lower than the solid-state approach. Moreover, the pattern of
formed a second-order polynomial function where it initially intensifies until a certain conversion, then alleviates as it approaches the end of the decomposition process because the decomposition products have been formed.