Adsorption and photodegradation of various organic dyes in batch and flow systems over TiO2-chitosan immobilized on glass beads

This study investigated the removal of synthetic and natural dyes from wastewater using TiO2-chitosan-coated glass beads. The glass bead system was performed to evaluate the adsorption and photodegradation properties of TiO2-chitosan under both batch and flow conditions under UV-C light irradiation. The removal of synthetic, natural, and wastewater dyes in batch systems under UV-C irradiation was found to be 99%, 98%, and 70%, respectively. For the flow systems, the removal efficiency of synthetic, natural, and wastewater dyes was observed to be 99%, 99%, and 90%, respectively, with adsorption capacity of 0.011 mg/g within 180 min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model most accurately analyzes the adsorption process. Additionally, TiO2-chitosan-coated glass beads exhibited good reusability over five cycles, maintaining high removal efficiency. The findings indicate that TiO2-chitosan-coated glass beads in a flow system show superior efficiency for the breakdown of organic dyes compared to that in a batch system. This research offers an optimistic approach to treating dye-contaminated water dealing with an environmentally sensitive issue, contributing to advancing sustainable practices in batik production.