Acute and Subchronic Toxicological Study of the Cocktail Extract from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, Phyllanthus niruri L. and Morinda citrifolia L.

Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, Phyllanthus niruri L., and Morinda citrifolia L. are Indonesian medicinal herbs used empirically astraditional therapeutics for maintaining health. Te cocktail extract of these three plants (CECPM) had been developed anddemonstrated immunostimulant activity in rats. Tis study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of CECPM in vivo.Te acute toxicity assay was conducted by orally administering a range dose of CECPM (313, 625, 1250, 2500, or 5000 mg/kg bodyweight (bw) on female mice once and then evaluating the toxic symptom every day for 14 days later. Te chronic toxicity test wascarried out by giving various doses of CECPM (600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg·bw) to female and male rats orally continuously for 90consecutive days. Te signs of toxicities were evaluated at the 90- and 28 days postadministration. Te acute oral toxicity assaysshowed that there was no toxic syndrome and mortality found during the period of the experiment. Te lethal dose level (LD50 ) ofCECPM was more than 5000 g/kg, which was categorized as practically non-toxic. Meanwhile, in the sub-chronic toxicity study,some parameters tested at 90 days postadministration and after 28 days of withdrawal, such as the body weight, relative organweight, food intake, hematological and biochemical blood parameters, and also histopathological examination of fve primarytissues (heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and lung) revealed no abnormalities. Tere was no-observed adverse efect level (NOAEL) forthe present study of CECPM 1000 mg/kg·bw of the rat. Terefore, it is concluded that the orally administered CECPM wasrelatively nontoxic during acute and subchronic toxicology studies.