A new approach for selection of transgressive segregants in F3 populations based on selection index and anthocyanin content in cayenne pepper

The development of cayenne pepper varieties can be optimized by multiple
crossings, transgressive segregant selection based on the selection index, and
identification of potential anthocyanins. The study objectives were (1) to develop
a transgressive segregation index, and (2) to select transgressive segregation
cayenne peppers with high productivity and anthocyanins from F3 multiple
cross-generation. The study conducted two experiments at the experimental
f
ield, Hasanuddin University, from November 2022 to November 2023. The first
experiment implemented an augmented design with a randomized complete
block design (RCBD) as an environmental design. The genotypes as treatment
consisted of two types: 110 lines of cayenne pepper were not repeated, and the
4 older chili varieties as controls were repeated in each block. All genotypes
were categorized and divided into five blocks. The second experiment was the
validation of the first trial. There were 13 genotypes tested with RCBD design
one factor and repeated three times. Based on the study, developing a semi
objective-based selection index with canopy width, fruit weight, and yield was
an innovative and effective approach to selecting F3 transgressive segregants of
cayenne pepper. High-yielding transgressive lines were identified as G3-2-7-3,
G2.6.9–10, G5-12–1-8, and G4.5.2–12. The G3-2-7-3 line was suggested due
to its high yield potential and anthocyanin content. However, the anthocyanin
content must be examined more deeply, such as using an omics approach.
Nevertheless, these lines are still recommended to be continued in yield
testing or crossing to produce hybrid lines that have high yield potential and
anthocyanin content