Maritime law enforcement: Indonesia's experience against illegal fishing

Maritime law enforcement is very important duty for a coastal state as failure to properly enforce maritime security law can result in undermining the sovereignty, security, and safety of a coastal state. The high number of maritime crimes occurring in Indonesian waters shows that this country is still faced with the enforcement of maritime security laws in dealing with illegal fishing. This paper examines the international and national laws relevant to maritime security and analyses the institutions arrangement of maritime security in Indonesia. To analyze the issues and countermeasures of illegal fishing, this research uses the case study method. This case study uses data on illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing that occurred in Indonesian waters in 2015–2020. Finally, the recommendations for creating an omnibus law and establishing a new maritime security agency to improve the performance of maritime security law enforcement in Indonesia are proposed.