Maritime accident analysis and reduction technique for analysing maritime collision accidents

The Human Error and Reduction Technique (HEART) is a robust method consisted of both qualitative and quantitative steps. The HEART method has been utilized to analysed the human reliability in various industries. In maritime safety research, understanding human error's role in accidents is crucial. This study introduces a novel methodology integrating the HEART method with the 4M framework and TOPSIS analysis to comprehensively assess human error's interplay with other accident factors. By categorizing generic tasks and error-producing conditions (EPC) into man, machine, media, and management domains, the methodology reveals intricate relationships among accident factors. Additionally, TOPSIS analysis facilitates quantitative evaluation, enhancing decision-making by assigning weights to identified factors. The methodology offers a systematic approach to identify critical areas for intervention, such as improving lookout tasks and communication. Application of this methodology can enhance maritime safety practices by providing actionable insights into accident prevention strategies. Through its holistic and quantitative approach, this study contributes to advancing maritime safety research and fostering a safer operational environment.