Assessing the Role of Carbon Taxes in Driving Low-Carbon Transformations: A Comparative Analysis of Implementation Policies

Innovations in the utilization of alternative energy sources to replace coal and oil-based production methods have a direct impact on the volume of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions released into the atmosphere and subsequently contributing to the greenhouse effect. Addressing these negative externalities of greenhouse gas emissions is most effectively achieved through a universal global carbon tax system applied uniformly across all nations. This study seeks to explore the implementation of a carbon tax as an alternative policy for curbing carbon emissions and promoting a transition to a sustainable green economy. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a focus on comparative analysis, examining carbon tax policies across various countries in Europe, America, and Asia. Research data was primarily gathered through an extensive review of relevant literature, with a major data source being the World Bank's reports on the status and trends of carbon pricing. The study's findings underscore the efficacy of a carbon tax as a policy instrument to reduce carbon emissions. Furthermore, it has the potential to induce shifts in both household and industrial decision-making behaviors, leading to reduced energy consumption with high emissions. Ultimately, this policy approach can foster sustainable development and facilitate the transition to a green economy characterized by low-carbon practices, resource efficiency, and social inclusivity. These policies are instrumental in addressing environmental and social challenges, thus safeguarding the well-being of future generations.