A Bandwidth and Gain Enhanced Hexagonal Patch Antenna using Hexagonal Shape SRR

In the evolving digital era, the primary focus of the telecommunications industry is on the 5G network, expected to deliver high data rates, low latency, large network capacity, and improved connectivity. This article discusses efforts to adopt optimal frequencies for 5G, introducing techniques to enhance the characteristics of microstrip antennas using Double Negative (DNG) metamaterial properties. The hexagonal-shaped Split Ring Resonant (HSRR) metamaterial is considered a potential method to increase the bandwidth and gain of 5G antennas. Simulation of HSRR unit cells shows a positive impact on DNG characteristics. Meanwhile, the antenna design incorporating HSRR superstrate elements significantly increases gain to 4.47 dBi, and the implementation of HSRR structures on the groundplane results in a remarkable 368% increase in bandwidth compared to conventional antennas without metamaterial.