Karakteristik Angin Wilayah Pesisir Utara Pulau Jawa Berdasarkan Variabilitas Monsun

The characteristics of near-surface winds correlated with global phenomena such as monsoons have previously been extensively investigated. However, limited wind data investigations have been conducted in the northern coastal region of Java Island. This research aims to analyze the wind characteristics in this region, focusing on monsoon variability. Statistical analysis and wind rose diagrams analysis were conducted using wind direction and speed data spanning from 2013 to 2022 at three Meteorological Station by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG): Tanjung Priok-North Jakarta, Tanjung Mas-Semarang, and Perak II-Surabaya. The analysis results indicate that North Jakarta has experienced an increasing trend in annual average wind speed over a decade, whereas Semarang and Surabaya have seen a decrease. When influenced by the east and west monsoons, wind speeds in North Jakarta and Semarang are higher than during transition periods I and II. Conversely, in Surabaya, the average value was highest during transition period II compared to the west monsoon, east monsoon, and transition period I. Surabaya's average daily wind speed surpassed that of North Jakarta and Semarang. However, Semarang exhibited the highest maximum wind speed among the three regions. The dominant wind direction aligns with the monsoon wind pattern, whether the west or the east. During the transition season, wind direction tends to be more variable, with the frequency of wind events from the south and southwest occurring least frequently compared to other directions. This preliminary study provides the foundation for advancing the knowledge of meteorological studies, particularly wind, as they relate to hydrometeorological disasters.