Optimizing crop and livestock integration using the analysis approach of goal programming (a case study in Tanah Laut Subdistrict, South Kalimantan, Indonesia)

Farming done by most farmers in Indonesia is an integrated farming system or integration with the aim to increase income through several commodities made either from crops, plantations and livestock. Farming done using both an integrated system and diversification leads to integrated business making one farming to another farming mutually beneficial. This study aims to examine the optimization of the sustainable integration of crops and beef cattle (economic, environmental and social aspects) using an analysis approach of goal programming which is the case in the dry land, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The data analysis employed was Goal Programming (GP) analysis for optimization testing. The GP data completion using WinQSB software. In this GP analysis, the objective of optimization to be achieved is a constraint, therefore the the objective of the optimization in this study is treated as a goal constraint. GP designed to achieve several objectives consists of several alternative activities and resource constraints analyzed at the farm level. The result show that on the first optimization results are recommended for planting 0.20 ha of rice, 0.30 ha of rubber, 0.28 ha of groundnut and 0.22 ha of sweetcorn and they were not recommended for soybeans. The income generated from the results of the first optimization has meet the applicable minimum wage of 128,03 % with a cultivated land area of 1.59 ha. The second optimization included constraints in order that soybean commodities could be cultivated which resulted in the recommendation for planting 0.20 ha of rice, 0.21 ha of rubber, 0.18 ha of soybean, 0.21 ha of groundnuts and 0.20 ha of sweetcorn. The income generated from the results of the second optimization has meet the applicable minimum wage of 107.72 % with a cultivated land area of 1.59 ha.