The concepts and implementation of sustainable agricultural development in Indonesia

Sustainable development, including sustainable agricultural development, is acommitment of world countries that must be obeyed and implemented. Its role in capital formation demonstrates this strategic role, providing food, industrial raw materials, feed and bioenergy, absorbing labour, sources of foreign exchange, sources of income, and environmental preservation through environmentally friendly farming practices. Implementing development in the past, which only emphasized economic progress, has resulted in ecological damage and social problems. The sustainable development approach is essentially a development activity that combines economic, social, and environmental aspects. However, in its implementation, this concept has not been implemented by all countries according to the agreement. This is reflected in the fact that there are still many problems related to environmental damage and the degradation of natural resources. There are still many problems in implementing sustainable agricultural development, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, one of the prominent causes is the existence of sectoral egos, which causes the implementation to be blocked. The concept of sustainable development is multidimensional, so that in its performance, it must be an integrated cross-sectoral and multi-disciplinary program at the central and regional levels. The approach to sustainable development, including sustainable agriculture in Agenda 21, has become an agreement of world leaders at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, 1992, to be used as a reference for development in all countries. However, not all countries have been able to implement it according to the agreement, so there are still much environmental damage and degradation of natural resources that interfere with agricultural production processes and human livelihoods. Implementing sustainable agriculturaldevelopment for developing countries (including Indonesia), which still faces many economic problems, is not easy. One of the reasons the sustainable development approach has not been fully implemented is applying the sectoral approach (sectoral ego), which is still an obstacle to implementation or implementation in the field. Sustainable development must be an integrated cross-sectoral and multi-disciplinary program that must be strongly coordinated, starting at the central level to the regional level and the broader community as economic development actors.