Mapping of coastal ecosystem condition around thousand island of North Jakarta

Kepulauan Seribu (Thousand Islands) is located north of Jakarta Bay. In addition to the threats of human activities and temperature rise, Kepulauan Seribu suffers from the sewage from city of Jakarta. The focus of this study is to map current condition of the land cover and bathymetry of 3 islands in the Kepulauan Seribu, namely the Pari, Pramuka and Harapan/Kelapa Islands.
Base on Lyzenga algorithm that classification of landcover and underwater substrate type of study area was classified into 5 classes. These classes are land and settlement, mangrove (inland area), mix substrate 1 (rubble and sand), mix substrate 2 (sand, dead coral reef, seagrass), mix substrate 3 (sand and seaweed/seagrass), coral reef condition, and deep water. The largest distribution of coral reef and mangrove ecosystem was found in the Pari Islands. This island is suitable place for conservation of coastal ecosystem such as mangrove, coral reef and seagrass or seaweeds farming. Mangrove species at Pari Islands dominated by Rhizophora stylosa dan Rhizophora mucronata. Other type can be found such as Avicennia alba, Sonneratia alba, Hibiscus tilliaceus and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. However, according to early study of Fishery and Marine Science of Bogor Agriculture University at 1999 using Landsat ETM that coverage area for density class of mangrove was decreasing caused by growth local population and direct use on mangrove wood.
However, Pramuka and Kelapa/Harapan Islands are not suitable seaweed farming or conservation area caused by centre of economic and human activity in Thousand Islands. Coastal ecosystem around thousand islands is still under threatening by human activity and biophysics degradation.
The advantage of Lyzenga algorithm besides could be used to indentify sub bottom profile also to derive depth chart class. Based on algorithm was resulted 5 classes of depth chart range are (1) 0 -1 m; (2) 1 - 3 m; (3) 3 - 5 m; (4) 5 - 10 m and (1) > 10 m. Whereas, DOP method utilization resulted 4 depth classes range namely (1) 0 - 3 m; (2) 3 - 15 m; (3) 15 - 25 m; and (4) > 25 m.