Mechanism of Phyllanthus niruri as imunomodulator to control Covid 19 inflammation using in silico study

Introduction. The cytokine storm in Covid 19 infection is caused by an increase in the activity of several inflammatory mediators and a decrease in anti-inflammatory mediators. Previous research has proven that Phyllanthus niruri leaves have an anti-inflammatory effect in experimental animals. This study aims to predict the mechanism of the active compound in Phyllanthus niruri leaves as an immunomodulator to suppress the inflammatory process in cases of Covid 19 infection. Method. Computational research, using a molecular docking approach. Phyllanthus niruri leaf active compounds obtained from Dr. Duke application. The target proteins used were IL-2, IL-6, IL-12 and IFN. The control drug used is Dexamethasone. Visualization of docking results using Drug Discovery Studio. The docking validation indicator uses the value of free energy, Ki, the area of interface interaction and the similarity of the bond position with the amino acid residue of the target protein. The analysis used descriptive analytic compared to control. Results. Phyllanthus niruri leaf active compounds namely Phylochrysine inhibited IL-2 with a potency of 27%, Rutin and Quercitrin inhibited IL-6 with a potency of 100%, Quercetrin and Lupeol inhibited IL-12 with a potency of 80 and 100%, Quercitrin and lupeol inhibited IFN-γ with a potency of 66% and 55% compared to control. Conclusion. Phyllanthus nirurileaf active compounds inhibit IL-6 and IL-12 better than inhibition of IL-2 and IFN.