Therapy for dyslipidemia: Plant inhibitors of hmg-coa reductase

HMG-CoA reductase is an enzyme that can catalyze HMG-CoA into mevalonate which is needed in cholesterol biosynthesis. Therefore, inhibition of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme is an effective drug target mechanism to treat dyslipidemia. So far, the treatment of dyslipidemia has been carried out by routinely administering statins. However, drugs of this class are known to have adverse side effects on long-term use such as muscle pain and can even trigger diabetes mellitus and hepatotoxic conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to use complementary therapy using herbs that are considered safer to use. The purpose of this article is to explore various types of plants that have ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase similar to the ability of statins. From the search results obtained various plants that have activity as inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase that can be used as complement therapy for dyslipidemia with an inhibition range of 55-98.5% through in vivo, in vitro, and in silico tests. Among these plants, the most effective was Ficus virens W.T.Aiton with 98.5% inhibition. So, this plant has the potential to be further developed as a natural antidyslipidemia.belingbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) 3.07 mm with a weak inhibition zone.