Genome identification of bananas (Musa L.) from East Java Indonesia assessed with PCR-RFLP of the internal transcribed spacers nuclear ribosomal DNA

East Java Province has high diversity of local banana cultivars with various local names and diverse morphological characteristics. The genome identification of those banana cultivars are needed to provide valid identity of the banana accessions to be used as basic data for in-situ and/or ex-situ banana conservation management and for further breeding banana material. Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region nuclear ribosomal Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (nrDNA) using RsaI restriction endonuclease enzyme was conducted to 68 banana accessions collected from 17 Regencies in East Java Province. The RsaI digested fragments showed consistent polymorphic banding DNA patterns; in M. acuminata the wild species and cultivars produced two fragments of 530 bp and 120 bp whereas M. balbisiana species and its hybrid cultivars produced three fragments of 350 bp, 180 bp and 120 bp. From this study it was found that about 45 accessions were identified as M. acuminata species (AA/AAA genomes). It comprises of 3 wild species M. acuminata (AAw), 17 M. acuminata diploid cultivars (AA) and 25 M. acuminata triploid cultivars (AAA). Wild species M. balbisiana identified only one accession (BBw), and the hybrid cultivars comprises of 14 M acuminata × balbisiana (ABB) cultivars and 8 M. acuminata × balbisiana (AAB) cultivars. Clustering analysis result based on restriction fragment ITS region showed that BBw, ABB and AAB genome groups were close related and clustered as sister group whilst AA/AA genome group became the out-group with similarity coefficient between 0,635 to 1.00.