Kebijakan pendidikan dan pelatihan dalam perencanaan tenaga kerja di sektor industri jasa pariwisata: kasus Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Provinsi Jawa Barat

Quality improvement of human resource is one of main strategy of MP3EI (Masterplan Percepatan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia/ Master plan of Acceleration and Widening of Indonesia Economic Development. It is also a main precondition to face economic globalization and window opportunity. In the other hand, human resource quality of tourism sector could not yet support tourism potency which is growing fast and dynamic.-This research objective is to study the policy of education/training in man power plan in tourism industrial sector using qualitative method. Result of study shows that education and training process of tourism man power in West Nusa Tenggara and West Java Provinces conducted through formal, non-formal, and informal education. Formal education is conducted through vocational school (sekolah kejuruan) and higher education. Non-formal education is conducted by training institutions such as LPK, BLK, in-house training, etc. While informal education is conducted through socialization and internalization in household and community levels. The problems of formal education are lack of lecturer/teacher, lack of training facilities, and low of community interest to learn about tourism. While problem of non-formal education is that the location of education institutions is usually at provincial city center, so that they could not be reached by people from the districts. Problems of informal education are that the education has no quality standard and no sustainable extension from government. Effort to harmonize formal education with world of tourism work is conducted through coordination between education and training institutions with tourism industry through curriculum reorientation, internship cooperation, and MOU on graduate recruitment. Meanwhile, harmonization process in non-formal education is conducted through recruitment of lecturers from tourism practitioners and in informal education through active involvement in the tourism activities. The problems of harmonization mostly occurred at formal education and the role of tourism service entrepreneurs is prominent compare to government who has function as regulator and facilitator. Those above problems contributed to the disharmonization in quantity as well as quality/competency between education and training with the need of the world of tourism work. In the context of man power planning, there is discrepancy between tourism service industry which is growing faster than development of man power in its quantity as well as quality. That has implied to the preparation of human resources to fulfill the need of tourism man power. In micro level, man power planning has been conducted, but in macro level/government it has not yet conducted optimal. Based on that findings, alternative recommendations are as following: (]) strengthening and increasing of access of education and training institutions which oriented to corporate world; (2) . to form an operational cooperation network between education institutions with tourism corporate world, such as through curriculum reorientation, internship system, increasing of number and competency of lecturers/teachers.; and (3) socialization to the community about positive values of tourism which is not opposed the religion values.