Korelasi antara karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil sepuluh genotipe talas jepang pada tiga agroekologi berbeda = Correlation between growth and yield characters of ten japanese taro genotypes grown in different agroecologies

Eddoe taro (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) is known as a Japanese taro and was prospectively developed in Indonesia. Information about plant characters grown in different agroecological conditions is important for selection and determination of growing location in plant breeding program. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the growth and yield characters of Japanese taro grown in three different agro-ecological conditions. The experiments were conducted in South Tangerang, Bogor and Subang in the period of 2018 to 2019 using ten eddoe taro genotypes. The results showed that the genotypes had significant differences in leaf length, petiol length and sheath length. Location significantly affected all growth and yield parameters. Significant interactions between genotypes and locations were observed for leaf length, petiole length, plant width and height, cormus length and weight characters. Strong positive correlations were also constantly found for growth and yield characters in three locations, while the correlation between growth and yield characters varied for each location with r = 0.05. This reflects that growing environments significantly influence the coefficient correlation between the growth and yield characters. Therefore, it is suggested to select suitable growing environment for taro yield improvement.

ABSTRAK. Talas eddoe (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) atau talas Jepang merupakan tanaman yang prospektif dikembangkan di Indonesia. Informasi karakter tanaman talas pada berbagai agroekologi sangat penting sebagai dasar seleksi dan pemilihan lokasi dalam program pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman talas Jepang yang ditanam pada tiga agroekologi yang berbeda. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada tahun 2018 sampai 2019 di Tangerang Selatan, Bogor dan Subang menggunakan sepuluh genotipe talas eddoe. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa panjang daun, panjang petiol, dan panjang pelepah antargenotipe memiliki perbedaan yang nyata. Lokasi penanaman juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil. Genotipe dan lokasi berinteraksi nyata terhadap panjang daun, petiol total, rentang tanaman, tinggi tanaman, panjang dan bobot kormus. Karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil selalu berkorelasi erat di tiga lokasi, sedangkan korelasi karakter pertumbuhan dengan karakter hasil talas berbeda di tiap agroekologi (r=0,05). Perbedaan lingkungan tumbuh sangat berpengaruh terhadap nilai dan keeratan korelasi karakter pertumbuhan dengan hasil, sehingga upaya peningkatan hasil perlu memperhatikan agroekologi yang sesuai bagi pertumbuhan tanaman talas.