Diversity pattern on phytochemical traits of coffee bean skin from various species and harvesting methods

Coffee is a well-known beverage consumed widely all around the globe. During its processing, a vast amount of waste was generated that can be utilized due to its bioactive compounds beneficial for human health. This study aimed to investigate the diversity pattern of three coffee pulp species based on phytochemical properties (total phenolic content (TPC), caffeine content, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay) exhibited by the skin of three coffee bean species: Coffea arabica (Arabica), Coffea canephora (Robusta), and Coffea liberica (Liberica) harvested with different technique (selective and strip picking). This study revealed that species and harvesting techniques significantly influenced the phytochemical properties of the coffee bean skin (CBS). The diversity pattern is shown by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which has a correlation between Robusta and TPC and Arabica with Caffeine content. According to the result, the diversity pattern of coffee bean skin is more influenced by species than by harvesting method because each species has a high determinant on the phytochemical composition. The findings from this study suggest the possibility of utilizing the waste from the coffee in-dustry, especially the skin, to be used further in the development of products with considerable amounts of bioactive compounds