Analysis of Electric Vehicles Purchase Intentions as Sustainable Transportation in Indonesia: Implications for Government Policies

Accelerating electric vehicle adoption to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has become a global priority.Indonesia initiated its electric vehicle program in 2019, yet by 2022, the market share of electric vehicles was only 1.47 percent.Given this, it is crucial to understand consumer intentions to purchase electric vehicles, which can help manufacturers develop strategies and guide government policies.This study applies the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method.The research variables are based on an extended TPB model, where attitudes are linked to economic gain, economic loss, and environmental awareness.Subjective norms are represented by government policy variables, and perceived behavioral control is reflected in infrastructure, vehicle features, and availability.Additionally, demographic variables such as age, gender, education level, and income were included as control variables.Analysis of data from 100 respondents revealed that the most influential factors affecting consumers' intentions to purchase electric vehicles are vehicle availability, government policy, and economic advantages, with T-statistic values of 4.498, 3.967, and 2.419, respectively.These findings suggest that implementing purchasing incentive programs and expanding electric vehicle models and capacities are key to increasing consumer interest in electric vehicles.