Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Characteristics on Crude Collagen Extracts of Sea Cucumber (Stichopus hermanii)

Stichopus hermanii is a species of sea cucumber commonly found in the western Indo-Pacific region and has been extensively utilized by local communities for commercial purposes and health benefits. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and SPF properties of crude collagen extracted from Stichopus hermanii. The research methodology included extraction processes using an ethyl acetate solution, measurement of antioxidant activity through the DPPH method, antibacterial and antifungal testing using the paper disc diffusion method, and SPF value measurement through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results indicated that a crude collagen yield of 3.75% was successfully obtained from the golden sea cucumber. The crude collagen extract of the golden sea cucumber exhibited antioxidant activity categorized as strong, with an IC50 value of 56.82 µg/mL. The percentage of inhibition was directly proportional to the extract concentration. Antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus was observed only in extracts at a concentration of 2000 µg/disc, with clear zones of 6.3±0.1 mm and 5.4±0.01 mm, respectively, at the end of the study. The collagen extract exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans at a concentration of 500 µg/disc with a clear zone diameter of 17.2±1.6 mm at the end of the study, while no antifungal activity was observed against the test pathogen Trichoderma sp. The SPF value of the collagen extract was low, ranging from 0.2 to 1.46. The crude collagen extract from the golden sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii demonstrated potential as an antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial agent.