PENGARUH BUDAYA LUAR TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT BULUNGAN: STUDI PENDAHULUAN*
Abstract
Bulungan terletak pada kawasan geografis yang dilalui oleh Sungai Kayan. Sungai tersebut adalah uratnadi lalu lintas yang sangat penting dalam melancarkan interaksi manusia, budaya, dan perdagangan pada masa
lampau. Intensitas interaksi dengan kebudayaan dari luar dan ekskpansi politiklah yang pada akhirnya mendorong
adanya perubahan-perubahan pada aspek sosial-budaya, ideologi, dan politik. Kajian ini dilakukan melalui studi
pustaka dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kedatangan Islam telah mengubah
perspektif sosial-budaya masyarakat asli Bulungan dan sistem pemerintahan yang berlandaskan Islam. Di lain
pihak, kedatangan Belanda di Bulungan dilandasi oleh tujuan eksploitasi dan penguasaan tambang minyak bumi,
yang akhirnya melemahkan kekuasaan politik Kaselutanan Bulungan.
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