SEBARAN SITUS PEMUKIMAN KUNA DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BARITO
Abstract
Abstrak. Sungai Barito dan anak-anak sungainya yang berada di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan mengandungbanyak situs pemukiman dari masa yang berbeda. Situs-situs pemukiman prasejarah, baik tertutup (gua) maupun
terbuka (tepian sungai), yang telah diteliti ditemukan di kawasan lereng barat Pegunungan Meratus, yang masuk
dalam wilayah administratif Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah, Kabupaten Hulu
Sungai Selatan, Kabupaten Tapin, dan Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Namun, ternyata hasil analisis artefaktual dan
pertanggalan mutlak menunjukkan bahwa sejumlah situs pemukiman terbuka masa prasejarah dapat dikategorikan
juga sebagai situs proto-histori dan masa pengaruh kebudayaan India. Situs-situs pemukiman dengan karakteristik
periodisasi beragam menggambarkan bahwa terdapat kontinuitas dalam konsep pemilihan lokasi hunian yang
sama. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tulisan ini membahas pola persebaran situs-situs pemukiman kuna tersebut. Hasil
studi pemukiman terbuka ini menunjukkan bahwa pola persebaran situs pada Sungai Barito cenderung linear
sejajar dengan badan sungai.
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