SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE-COLLAGEN-CHITOSAN (HA/Col/Chi) COMPOSITE BY USING EX-SITU WET PRECIPITATION METHOD

Hydroxyapatite (HA) was included mineral of apatite is a bioactive ceramic material and biocompatible, which has similarity with the nature of the bone chemical structure. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) by using wet precipitation method consists of calcination, hydration, HA synthesizes, and thermal treatment. The solution 0.3 M (NH4)2.HPO4 was dropped on the suspension of 0.5 M Ca(OH)2 from tutut (Bellamya javanica) shells. While collagen is extracted from the waste fish (Later calcarifer) scales by the following acid and alkali extraction methods. Synthesis of HA/Col/Chi composite by using ex-situ wet precipitation method that has been formed from 2
ml collagen of 2%, 2 ml chitosan of 2% mixed with 2 gram of HA powder was dissolved in 20 ml of an ethanol solution at room temperature. The spectrum of HA/Col/Chi composite by FTIR showed the presence of functional groups of HA, collagen, chitosan, and indicate the presence of molecular interactions between -OH, -COOH, -NH2 on collagen chains and -OH, -NH2 on chitosan, and there is an interaction between HA, amide I, and amide II in collagen. X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of HA/Col/Chi composite showed the single phase of HA. Analysis element
components of HA showed that the Ca/P ratio obtained is 1.98. In the HA analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of HA in the presence of agglomeration and has an irregular shape. In addition, has a size of 2.76 - 6.48 µm.

Keywords: Bellamya javanica, chitosan, collagen, ex-situ, hydroxyapatite, Lates calcarifer