KEHADIRAN BELANDA DAN TATA KOTA BALIKPAPAN
Abstract
Pada abad ke-19 Masehi, tepian Teluk Balikpapan yang awalnya dipandang tidak penting, menjadidaerah yang fenomenal dan strategis. Kawasan Balikpapan menjadi terkenal sebagai daerah
eksplorasi tambang minyak pertama di Kalimantan oleh Belanda, yang akhirnya menjadi sumber
daya perekonomian utama dalam industri pengolahan perminyakan dan gas bumi. Peran industri
perminyakan dan pengolahannya menjadikan Balikpapan daerah yang kaya dan sering dipandang
lebih penting, bahkan menggeser keberadaan Tenggarong sebagai pusat kesultanan dan
Samarinda sebagai pusat kota adminitrasi. Tulisan ini membahas alasan pemilihan Balikpapan
sebagai tambang minyak pertama Belanda di Kalimantan dan perkembangannya menjadi daerah
penting di Nusantara. Dengan demikian, kita dapat mengetahui tingkat kemampuan manusia
dalam memanipulasi alam dan menjadikannya sebuah lingkungan yang layak huni.
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