EKSPLOITASI SUMBERDAYA LINGKUNGAN DAN KELESTARIAN SITUS ARKEOLOGI: KASUS GUA PAYUNG YANG TERABAIKAN DAN HILANG
Abstract
Gua Payung adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak gua hunian prasejarah di kawasan karst Mantewe yang telah dilaporkanoleh Balai Arkeologi Banjarmasin. Penelitian pada 2006 dan 2012 telah menghasilkan sejumlah data arkeologi yang menunjukkan
periode hunian dari sekitar 2970±130 BP dan 3070±130 BP. Namun, keberadaan Gua Payung yang memiliki nilai penting bagi
perkembangan masa prasejarah di Kalimantan, tidak sejalan dengan kelestariannya sebagai situs cagar budaya. Gua Payung saat ini
berada dalam kondisi yang rusak akibat penggalian tanah endapan gua dan kotoran kelelawar oleh masyarakat setempat untuk
keperluan perkebunan sawit. Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi kerusakan masif di Gua Payung dengan
menguraikan rangkaian sebab-akibat yang terjadi karena beberapa aspek. Alur yang telah disusun kemudian menjadi dasar untuk
menyusun sebuah tawaran solusi dalam mengurangi laju kerusakan gua-gua hunian prasejarah lainnya di kawasan karst Mantewe.
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