PERANAN PATUNG BUAYA, NILAI UPACARA ANSAL, DAN PERGESERAN NILAI DALAM MASYARAKAT DAYAK TAHOL DI KABUPATEN NUNUKAN, KALIMANTAN UTARA
Abstract
Patung buaya adalah perlengkapan upacara Ansal, sekaligus sebagai cara untuk menunjukkan bahwa yang bersangkutanadalah orang berani. Namun ketika pengayaun dilarang, pelaksanaan upacara mengalami pergeseran makna, yaitu untuk meraih
status sosial yang tinggi. Kajian patung buaya dalam upacara Ansal ditujukan untuk dapat mendeskripsikan latar belakang pergeseran
makna upacara dan nilai-nilai positifnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dengan metode ini, upaya mendeskripsikan
peran patung buaya, artefak, dan situs purbakala, ditempatkan dalam konteks sosial dan peristiwa yang diungkap melalui interpretasi
atas penggalian data memori kolektif masyarakat Dayak Tahol. Sementara itu, dalam kaitannya dengan pergeseran makna dan
pemahaman nilai-nilai positif di dalamnya, dilakukan dengan menempatkan artefak dan situs dalam proses interaksi, yang akan terus
diproduksi oleh manusia dan masyarakat melalui eksternalisasi, objektivasi, dan internalisasi. Hasil penelitiannya adalah patung buaya
memiliki peran dalam upacara Ansal (pasca mengayau) untuk menunjukkan keberanian seseorang dan untuk meraih strata sosial yang
tinggi (pasca pengayauan dilarang). Ternyata pergeseran makna tersebut juga disertai adanya nilai-nilai positif di dalamnya, yaitu
adanya pelajaran untuk kerja keras dan upaya mempertahankan kehormatan keluarga.
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