REKONSTRUKSI BENTUK DAN FUNGSI STRUKTUR SUMUR PUTARAN PADA TAMBANG BATUBARA ORANJE NASSAU PENGARON
Abstract
. Sumur putaran adalah sebutan masyarakat untuk struktur batubata yang terletak di Kecamatan Pengaron, Kabupaten Banjar. Struktur ini diduga merupakan sebuah bangunan yang tersisa dari tambang batubara Oranje Nassau Pengaron. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan di lokasi ini belum dapat menjawab secara pasti bentuk asli dan fungsi dari struktur ini pada masa lalu. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan fungsi struktur sumur putaran. Tambang batubara pada umumnya memiliki beberapa bangunan utama yaitu sebuah kantor, rumah sakit, dapur, rumah pekerja. Selain itu, untuk tambang bawah tanah, pada umumnya juga dilengkapi dengan kipas berukuran besar yang berfungsi untuk mengatur sirkulasi oksigen untuk pernapasan bagi pekerja dan mengurangi efek berbahaya akibat ledakan. Pemahaman sejarah batubara Oranje Nassau, sangat penting dan strategis. Hal ini tidak saja terkait dengan teknologi yang diterapkan, namun menyangkut juga pada hegemoni dan keberlangsungan Kesultanan Banjar. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode diskriptif-komparatif. Data di lapangan akan dibandingkan dengan hasil penelusuran pustaka berupa arsip, foto, dan gambar. Penerapan metode ini menghasilkan asumsi bahwa terdapat beberapa fungsi bangunan yang ada di struktur sumur putaran. Fungsi yang pertama adalah sebagai kantor administratf tambang, sedangkan fungsi yang kedua adalah sebagai rumah kipas ventilasi, fungsi yang ketiga sebagai rumah mesin, dan yang terakhir sebagai Derek atau crane untuk mengangkat batubara atau manusia dari dalam tambang yang terletak di bawah tanah.
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