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KONSEPSI OPOSISI BINER DALAM PENGARCAAN PASANGAN DWARAPALA PADA KORI AGUNG DI BALI

I Nyoman Widya Paramadhyaksa, I Gusti Agung Bagus Suryada, Ida Bagus Primayatna

Abstract


This article aims to review the conceptual background of dwarapala couple figure found in the doorway of kori agung temple complex of buildings in Bali. The method applied is the hermeneutic method by applying some kind of major approaches, including: (1) approach on the statue morphology, (2) pattern of placement, (3) mythology and cosmology of Hindu and Buddhist, (4) comparative studies of the dwarapala figure outside Indonesia, and (5) folklore based approach.The result shows that there are some kinds of dwarapala couples, among others, the giant king pair, pair of mans clown, couples of monkey king, husband and wife couples, and couples of rangda. The conclusions obtained show that there are some major concepts behind the existence of various pairs figure of kori dwarapala in building the great temple complex in Bali. Each pair of the dwarapala figure includes symbolic meanings associated with the concept of binary opposition.

Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas tentang latar belakang konseptual pasangan sosok dwarapala yang terdapat di lubang pintu kori agung kompleks bangunan pura di Bali. Metode kajian yang diterapkan adalah metode hermeneutik dengan menerapkan beberapa macam pendekatan utama, di antaranya: (1) pendekatan morfologi arca, (2) pendekatan atas pola penempatannya, (3) pendekatan mitologi dan kosmologi Hindu dan Buddha, (4) pendekatan atas studi komparatif terhadap sosok dwarapala di luar Indonesia, dan (5) pendekatan berdasarkan cerita rakyat. Hasil observasi secara umum yang telah dijalankan menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa macam pasangan dwarapala yang dapat dijumpai di lapangan, antara lain pasangan raja raksasa, pasangan punakawan, pasangan suami-istri, pasangan raja kera, pasangan bidadari, dan pasangan rangda. Kesiimpulan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa konsepsi utama yang melatarbelakangi keberadaan berbagai pasangan sosok dwarapala di bangunan kori agung kompleks pura di Bali. Salah satu dari konsepsi temuan menunjukkan bahwa setiap pasangan sosok dwarapala tersebut memuat makna simbolis yang berkaitan dengan konsepsi oposisi biner.


Keywords


Dwarapala, Konsepsi Oposisi Biner, Hermeneutik, Kori Agung, Bali.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/fa.v26i2.41

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