MODEL PENILAIAN KUANTITATIF BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA KOTA SURAKARTA (QUANTITATIVE VALUING MODEL OF HERITAGE BUILDINGS IN SURAKARTA CITY)
Abstract
Bangunan cagar budaya di Kota Surakarta merupakan peninggalan sejarah dari masa kolonial di Indonesia. Dalam undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Cagar Budaya, bangunan- bangunan tersebut dapat dikategorikan sebagai Bangunan Cagar Budaya jika telah melalui proses pendaftaran atau register, penilaian hingga ditetapkan sesuai dengan peringkatnya. Penilaian cagar budaya khususnya dari jenis bangunan dilakukan dalam rangka penyusunan rekomendasi untuk penetapan. Bentuk penilaian tersebut belum banyak diketahui mekanismenya. Penelitian ini melakukan cara penilaian dengan menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif berjenjang dengan faktor pembobot. Proses perolehan hasil akhir dari penilaian dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma matematika, sehingga proses penilaiandapat terlihat dalam satu rangkaian proses yang berurutan dan sistematis. Hasil penilaian dengan model penilaian tersebut digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai akhir bagi sebuah bangunan dalam bentuk kelas rekomendasi untuk penetapan bangunan cagar budaya. Dalam penelitian ini diajukan empat kelas, yaitu kelas bangunan dengan tidak atau kurang direkomendasikan, kelas bangunan direkomendasikan dengan level cukup, kelas bangunan direkomendasikan dengan level kuat, dan kelas bangunan yang direkomendasikan dengan level mendesak. Keempat level ini berkaitan erat dengan skala prioritas dalam rangkaian kegiatan penetapan sebagai bangunan cagar budaya. Peneitian ini menghasilkan nilai yang bersifat kuantitatif dan terukur secara ilmiah dan memberikan dinamika positif dalam cara penilaian bangunan untuk penetapan cagar budaya.
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Cultural heritage buildings in Surakarta are historical relics from Indonesian colonial period. The law number 11, year 2010 of the Republic of Indonesia concerning and cultural archaelogical preservation and management classifiesthese buildings as Cultural Heritage Building, after passing through multiple registration process. The assessment of cultural heritage nomination, especially based on types of building, is carried out in the framework of preparing recommendations for its establishment. Unfortunately, the assesment mechanism has not been widely understood. This study carried out the evaluation using a tiered quantitative analysis method with a weighing factor. The process to obtain final assessment results is achieved by using a mathematical algorithm. The assessment process can be visually observed in sequential and systematic processes. By using this method, the assesment results a formula that can be used to obtain the final value for a building which classified into several recommendations for the establishment of a cultural heritage building. The study claims that at least here are four classes of recommendation levels; building classes with no or less recommended, recommended building classes with sufficient levels; recommended building classes with strong levels; and recommended building classes with urgent levels. These four levels are closely related to a priority scale in a set of activities as a cultural heritage building. This research produces values that are quantitatively and scientifically measured and provides positive dynamics in the way of valuing buildings for the establishment of cultural heritage.
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