EKSISTENSI STENASELLUS SP. PADA GUA HUNIAN PRASEJARAH DI KAWASAN KARS BUKIT BULAN, SAROLANGUN, JAMBI

Dhanang Puspita; Andy Wibowo; Mohammad Ruly Fauzi

doi:10.24832/fa.v32i2.563

EKSISTENSI STENASELLUS SP. PADA GUA HUNIAN PRASEJARAH DI KAWASAN KARS BUKIT BULAN, SAROLANGUN, JAMBI

Dhanang Puspita, Andy Wibowo, Mohammad Ruly Fauzi

Abstract

So far, there is no previous report on the existence of Stenasellidae in a prehistoric cave-site in Indonesia. For the very first time, information about the existence of this ancient shrimp in a prehistoric habitation-site yielded from multidisciplinary research at Mesiu Cave. Their existence is delightful to discuss because they are extremely vulnerable and only lives in a specific environment (i.e. stygobit). This article unravels the reason behind the survival of Stenasellidae at Mesiu Cave over a descriptive – explanatory approach. Our observation on the specimen shows its similarity to the typical characteristics of Stenasellus genera. Furthermore, description of their existing habitat shows a characteristic which is fundamentally contradicting to the regular location of prehistoric human activity in a cave site. More likely, this distinctive spatial use of the cave has enabled Stenasellus sp. to survive until the present day. Moreover, the discovery of this unique cavernicole also enhances the outstanding value of Mesiu Cave as a cultural heritage site.

Hingga saat ini, belum ada laporan mengenai penemuan Stenasellidae (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Isopoda) pada situs gua hunian prasejarah di Indonesia. Untuk pertama kalinya, informasi mengenai keberadaan udang purba tersebut pada situs gua hunian diperoleh dari penelitian multidisipliner di situs Gua Mesiu. Bertahannya eksistensi organisme ini di situs hunian prasejarah menarik untuk diulas lebih lanjut sebab hewan ini dikenal rentan dan hanya hidup pada lingkungan yang spesifik (i.e. stygobit). Artikel ini mengungkap alasan yang melatarbelakangi bertahannya eksistensi Stenasellidae di situs Gua Mesiu melalui pendekatan deskriptif–eksplanatif. Observasi kami pada fisiologi spesimen Stenasellidae tersebut menunjukkan karakteristik anatomi dari marga Stenasellus. Sedangkan deskripsi habitat Stenasellus sp. menunjukkan karakteristik lingkungan yang bertolak-belakang dengan lokasi aktivitas hunian manusia di gua-gua prasejarah pada umumnya. Perbedaan tersebut sangat mungkin menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab bertahannya eksistensi Stenasellus sp. di Gua Mesiu. Laporan mengenai penemuan fauna gua ini juga turut menambah nilai penting dan keunikan tersendiri Gua Mesiu sebagai situs cagar budaya.

Keywords

Stenasellus; Stygobit; Fauna gua; Kars; Bukit Bulan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/fa.v32i2.563