ORANG KHMER DI JAWA PADA MASA HINDU-BUDDHA (ABAD KE-9--15 MASEHI): EKSISTENSINYA DIPANDANG DARI TEORI DIASPORA
Abstract
Orang asing di Jawa telah diketahui keberadaannya melalui penyebutan wargga kilalan di prasasti. Prasasti pada masa Airlangga hingga Majapahit dengan gamblang menyebutkan keberadaan orang-orang asing yang dalam hal ini pada konteks penarikan pajak terhadap orang-orang asing tersebut. Salah satu bangsa asing yang mendiami Jawa pada masa Jawa Kuno adalah orang Khmer. Keunikan kasus bermukimnya orang Khmer di Jawa disebutkan pula dalam sumber epigrafi Khmer. Dalam prasasti-prasasti Khmer disebutkan fenomena pemukiman orang Khmer di Jawa, dan diberitakan pula bahwa salah satu raja Khmer pernah menetap di Jawa selama beberapa tahun. Kajian ini berusaha untuk menjawab permasalahan dinamika pendudukan orang Khmer di Jawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kedudukan kasus menetapnya orang Khmer di Jawa sebagai suatu fenomena diaspora atau bukan. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, analisis, dan interpretasi, dengan data utama berupa prasasti. Kajian ini menghasilkan pemahaman mengenai dinamika motivasi perpindahan tempat bermukim orang Khmer ke Jawa, letak daerah bermukim orang Khmer di Jawa, dan bentuk interaksi orang Khmer dengan orang Jawa. Meskipun demikian, belum ada bukti-bukti yang menguatkan fenomena tersebut sebagai suatu diaspora.
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