JEJAK AKULTURASI BUDAYA JAWA DAN KALIMANTAN DI TAMAN PURBAKALA CANDI AGUNG DI AMUNTAI, KALIMANTAN SELATAN [TRACES OF ACCULTURATION BETWEEN JAVA AND KALIMANTAN AT THE CANDI AGUNG ARCHAEOLOGICAL PARK IN AMUNTAI, SOUTH KALIMANTAN]
Abstract
Tulisan ini membahas situs-situs Candi Agung, Tiang Mahligai Junjung Buih, dan Pertapaan Pangeran Suryanata di Taman Purbakala Candi Agung, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami akulturasi budaya asli dan asing yang telah terjadi pada ketiga situs tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan arkeologi dan semiotika budaya dengan mengelaborasi aspek-aspek kualitatif datanya. Aspek-aspek yang dibahas adalah bentuk dan fungsi candi, nama dan fungsi situs pemandian dan pertapaan, nama-nama tokoh legenda yang terkait dengan keberadaan candi, dan peristiwa-peristiwa dalam legenda. Subjek kajian terdiri atas dua aspek dokumentasi, yaitu visual (foto-foto situs) dan verbal (legenda). Subjek visual berupa dokumentasi pribadi pada tahun 2010. Subjek verbal terdiri atas buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal yang membahas subjek penelitian, yaitu Hikayat Banjar, Hikayat Lambung Mangkurat, dan Tutur Candi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya akulturasi budaya Jawa dan Kalimantan, baik dalam bentuk bangunan candi, keberadaan situs pertapaan, nama-nama tokoh legenda, dan juga peristiwa.
This paper discusses the sites of Candi Agung, Tiang Mahligai (bathing) Junjung Buih, and Pertapaan (hermitage) Pangeran Suryanata in the Archaeological Park of Candi Agung, South Kalimantan Province. The purpose of this study is to understand the acculturation between native and foreign cultures that had occurred at the three sites. This research uses the archaeological and cultural semiotics approach by elaborating the qualitative aspects of the data. The aspects discussed are the form and function of the temple, the name and function of the bathing and hermitage sites, the names of the legendary figures associated with the existence of the temple, and the events mentioned in the legend. The subject of the study consists of two aspects of documentation, i.e. visual (photos of the site) and verbal (legends). Visual subjects were of personal documentation obtained in 2010. Verbal subjects consist of books and journals that discuss the research subject, i.e. Hikayat Banjar, Hikayat Lambung Mangkurat, and Tutur Candi. Research results showed the occurrence of acculturation of Javanese and Kalimantan cultures, both in the form of temple buildings, the existence of hermitage sites, names of legendary figures, and cultural events.
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